Computer NetworKING & System Administrator

 Category 1: Basic Concepts & Fundamentals  1. What is Active Directory (AD)?    Answer : Active Directory is a directory service developed by Microsoft for Windows domain networks. It is a centralized database that stores information about network resources (users, computers, printers, etc.) and provides authentication and authorization services. Essentially, it's the "phone book" for your network that also acts as a security guard. 2. What is the difference between a Workgroup and a Domain?    Answer:         Workgroup: A peer-to-peer network where each computer has its own local user database. Authentication is decentralized. Suitable for very small networks (e.g., less than 10 computers). No central administration.         Domain: A client-server network where a central server (Domain Controller) manages security and authentication for all computers and users. Provides centraliz...

  Fixing Commvault SQL Error: [30:436] – Instance Validation Failed Due to Insufficient SQL Server Role When working with Commvault backup and recovery solutions , administrators may encounter SQL-related errors during configuration or job execution. One such common error is: Error Code: [ 30 : 436 ] Description: Instance validation failed: Insufficient SQL Server role . To configure the instance, the user must be a member of the SYSADMIN SQL server role . Source: commvault, Process: JobManager This error prevents Commvault from completing instance validation, which is critical for proper backup and restore operations. Let’s break down the cause and provide a step-by-step solution. Why Does This Error Occur? Commvault requires elevated permissions on the underlying Microsoft SQL Server instance it connects to. If the user account running the Commvault process (JobManager, services, or installer) does not belong to the SQL Server SYSADMIN role , the validation will fa...